Pregnancy brings several physiological and hormonal changes that can directly impact oral health. Increased progesterone and estrogen levels can lead to inflammation and sensitivity, making the gums more vulnerable to infections and plaque buildup. Additionally, cravings for sugary foods and frequent snacking can create an environment for tooth decay.

Common Dental Issues During Pregnancy

Pregnancy Gingivitis

• Around 60-70% of pregnant individuals experience gingivitis due to increased blood flow to the gums, making them more sensitive and prone to swelling and bleeding.
• If left untreated, gingivitis can progress into periodontal disease, which has been linked to complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight.

Increased Risk of Cavities

• Changes in eating habits, frequent snacking, and cravings for sweet foods can increase plaque buildup, leading to a higher risk of cavities.
• Morning sickness can introduce additional acid to the teeth, weakening enamel and making them more prone to decay.

Enamel Erosion from Morning Sickness

• Vomiting due to morning sickness exposes teeth to stomach acids, which can erode enamel over time.
• Rinsing the mouth with water or a fluoride mouth rinse after vomiting can help neutralize acid and prevent erosion.

Pregnancy Tumors (Pyogenic Granulomas)

• Some pregnant individuals develop benign growths on the gums due to hormonal changes.
• These growths are not cancerous and typically disappear after childbirth but may cause discomfort.

Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

• Hormonal changes can reduce saliva production, increasing the risk of bad breath, cavities, and gum disease.
• Staying hydrated and chewing sugar-free gum can help stimulate saliva flow.

Safe Dental Treatments During Pregnancy

Many expectant individuals worry about the safety of dental procedures during pregnancy. The good news is that preventive, diagnostic, and restorative dental treatments are generally safe at any stage when performed by a professional following recommended guidelines.

Preventive Dental Care

Preventive care is the best way to maintain oral health and avoid dental complications during pregnancy. Regular check-ups allow the dental team to monitor any changes in oral health and provide appropriate care.

Oral Hygiene Tips During Pregnancy

• Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.
• Floss once a day to remove plaque between teeth.
• Use an antimicrobial mouthwash to prevent gum disease.
• Maintain a balanced diet with plenty of calcium, vitamin D, and folic acid to support healthy teeth and gums.
• Drink plenty of water to combat dry mouth and wash away bacteria.

Are Dental X-Rays Safe During Pregnancy?

If X-rays are needed, they can be performed with a lead apron and thyroid collar to minimize exposure.

Dental X-rays use very low radiation and do not pose a risk to a developing baby when proper shielding is used.

Safe Local Anesthetics for Dental Procedures

Local anesthetics such as lidocaine, bupivacaine, and mepivacaine are safe during pregnancy.

These anesthetics help ensure comfort while minimizing any potential risks to the baby.

The Connection Between Oral Health and Pregnancy Outcomes

Oral health is closely connected to pregnancy outcomes. Studies suggest that poor oral health may contribute to complications, including:

Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight

• Gum infections can introduce harmful bacteria into the bloodstream, triggering an inflammatory response that may lead to premature labor.
• This inflammation may cause the body to produce prostaglandins, a chemical that can induce early contractions.
• Maintaining healthy gums through professional cleanings and good oral hygiene may help reduce the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.

Gestational Diabetes Complications

• Individuals with gestational diabetes are at higher risk for gum disease.
• Uncontrolled gum disease can worsen inflammation, making diabetes harder to manage.
• Proper oral hygiene, professional cleanings, and regular dental visits can help control inflammation and blood sugar levels.

Increased Risk of Early Childhood Cavities

• Bacteria responsible for cavities can be transmitted from parents to newborns through activities such as sharing utensils or pacifiers.
• Studies suggest that children of parents with untreated cavities are more likely to develop tooth decay at an early age.
• Maintaining good oral health and addressing cavities during pregnancy can reduce the likelihood of early childhood dental issues.

Postpartum Dental Care: What to Expect After Pregnancy

After childbirth, many new parents focus entirely on their newborn’s needs, sometimes neglecting their own oral health. However, postpartum oral care is essential to ensure long-term dental wellness.

Steps to Maintain a Healthy Smile After Pregnancy

• Schedule a postpartum dental check-up to assess oral health.
• Resume any delayed dental treatments as soon as possible.
• Continue brushing and flossing daily.
• Stay hydrated to combat dry mouth.
• Eat a nutrient-rich diet to support strong teeth and gums.

When Should a Baby’s First Dental Visit Be?

Oral health habits should begin before a baby’s first tooth appears. Wiping a baby’s gums with a clean, damp cloth after feedings can prevent bacteria buildup.

Recommended first dental visit

• The first visit should take place by age one or within six months of the first tooth eruption.
• Early visits establish good habits and allow the dentist to monitor oral development.

Take Charge of Your Oral Health During Pregnancy

Maintaining a healthy smile during pregnancy is essential for both maternal and infant health. Preventive, diagnostic, and restorative treatments are safe and beneficial, and early intervention can help avoid complications. By prioritizing oral hygiene, scheduling regular dental visits, and making healthy dietary choices, expectant individuals can protect their smiles and their baby’s well-being.

At Brewery District Dental, we provide comprehensive and compassionate dental care for expectant individuals in New Westminster. Whether you need a routine cleaning or treatment for a dental concern, our team is here to support your journey to a healthy smile.